When it comes to capturing high-quality audio, the type of microphone used can make all the difference. With the advancement in technology, we have seen a significant improvement in the quality of built-in microphones in devices such as laptops, smartphones, and cameras. However, external microphones are still widely used by professionals and enthusiasts alike. But what exactly is the difference between built-in and external microphones? In this article, we’ll delve into the world of microphones, exploring the benefits and drawbacks of each type to help you make an informed decision for your next audio project.
The Anatomy of a Microphone
Before we dive into the differences, it’s essential to understand the basic components of a microphone. A microphone typically consists of three main parts: the capsule, the diaphragm, and the windscreen.
- Capsule: This is the heart of the microphone, responsible for converting sound waves into electrical signals. The capsule is usually made of a thin material, such as metal or plastic, and is designed to vibrate when sound waves hit it.
- Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a thin, flexible material that vibrates when sound waves hit it, causing the capsule to move. The diaphragm is typically made of a lightweight material, such as nylon or polyester.
- Windscreen: The windscreen is a protective cover that reduces wind noise and pops when speaking. It’s usually made of a foam or mesh material and is placed over the capsule.
Built-in Microphones: Convenience Meets Compromise
Built-in microphones are integrated into devices such as laptops, smartphones, and cameras. They’re designed to be compact, lightweight, and convenient, making them perfect for on-the-go recording. However, this convenience comes at a cost.
Advantages of Built-in Microphones:
- Convenience: Built-in microphones are always available and ready to use, making them perfect for impromptu recordings or video conferencing.
- Compact: Built-in microphones are designed to be small and lightweight, making them ideal for portable devices.
- Affordability: Since built-in microphones are already integrated into the device, you don’t need to purchase a separate microphone.
Disadvantages of Built-in Microphones:
- Audio Quality: Built-in microphones are often limited in their ability to capture high-quality audio. They can pick up background noise, hiss, and distortion, resulting in a poor audio experience.
- Limited Customization: Built-in microphones are not designed to be tweaked or adjusted to your specific recording needs.
- Vulnerability to Interference: Built-in microphones can be prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio-frequency interference (RFI), which can affect audio quality.
External Microphones: Upgrade Your Audio Experience
External microphones, on the other hand, are designed to provide high-quality audio and offer a range of benefits that built-in microphones can’t match.
Advantages of External Microphones:
- Superior Audio Quality: External microphones are designed to capture crisp, clear audio with minimal distortion and background noise.
- Customization: External microphones offer a range of settings and features that allow you to tailor your audio experience to your specific needs.
- Durability: External microphones are built to last, with a more robust design that can withstand the rigors of heavy use.
Disadvantages of External Microphones:
- Additional Cost: External microphones require a separate purchase, which can add to your overall cost.
- Size and Weight: External microphones can be larger and heavier than built-in microphones, making them less portable.
- Complexity: External microphones often require additional equipment, such as a microphone stand or pop filter, which can add complexity to your recording setup.
Types of External Microphones
There are several types of external microphones, each designed for specific recording applications.
- USB Microphones: These microphones connect directly to your computer via USB and are ideal for podcasting, voice-overs, and online conferencing.
- XLR Microphones: These microphones use an XLR connector and are commonly used in professional recording studios.
- Lapel Microphones: Also known as lavalier microphones, these are designed for public speaking, presentations, and film/TV production.
- Shotgun Microphones: These microphones are designed for capturing audio from a distance and are commonly used in film/TV production and live events.
Real-World Applications: When to Use Each
So, when should you use a built-in microphone, and when should you opt for an external microphone?
Built-in Microphones:
- Impromptu Recordings: Built-in microphones are perfect for quick, impromptu recordings, such as voice notes or video conferencing.
- Casual Video Content: If you’re creating casual video content, such as vlogs or social media videos, a built-in microphone may be sufficient.
External Microphones:
- Professional Audio: If you’re recording professional audio, such as music, podcasts, or voice-overs, an external microphone is a must.
- Live Events: External microphones are ideal for live events, such as concerts, presentations, and film/TV production.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the difference between built-in and external microphones lies in their design, functionality, and audio quality. While built-in microphones offer convenience and compactness, they often compromise on audio quality. External microphones, on the other hand, provide superior audio quality, customization options, and durability, but may require additional equipment and expertise.
Ultimately, the choice between a built-in and external microphone depends on your specific recording needs and goals. By understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each, you can make an informed decision and capture high-quality audio that meets your standards.
What are built-in microphones?
Built-in microphones are small microphones that are integrated into devices such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets. They are designed to capture sound from the surrounding environment and transmit it to the device’s audio input. Built-in microphones are convenient and easy to use, as they do not require any additional setup or equipment.
However, built-in microphones often have limitations when it comes to sound quality and range. They are often prone to picking up background noise and can struggle to capture clear audio in noisy environments. Additionally, built-in microphones may not be designed for professional or high-quality audio applications, and may not provide the same level of sound quality as an external microphone.
What are external microphones?
External microphones are separate devices that are connected to a device or recording equipment to capture high-quality audio. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, ranging from small lavalier microphones to large condenser microphones. External microphones are designed to capture clear and crisp audio, and are often used in professional settings such as recording studios, live events, and video productions.
External microphones offer several advantages over built-in microphones, including better sound quality, higher sensitivity, and greater flexibility. They can be positioned to capture audio from specific sources, such as a speaker or instrument, and can be equipped with features such as windshields and shock mounts to reduce noise and vibrations. Additionally, external microphones can be connected to a variety of devices, including cameras, computers, and audio interfaces.
When should I use a built-in microphone?
Built-in microphones are suitable for everyday use, such as making phone calls, recording voice notes, or capturing audio for social media videos. They are also useful in situations where convenience and portability are more important than high-quality audio, such as when recording a quick video message or taking a conference call.
However, built-in microphones may not be the best choice for situations where high-quality audio is required, such as recording music, creating a podcast, or producing a video for professional use. In these cases, an external microphone may be a better option, as it can provide better sound quality and more control over the audio capture process.
When should I use an external microphone?
External microphones are ideal for situations where high-quality audio is required, such as recording music, creating a podcast, or producing a video for professional use. They are also useful in situations where the audio needs to be captured from a specific source, such as a speaker or instrument, and where more control is needed over the audio capture process.
External microphones can also be useful in noisy environments, such as outdoors or in a busy office, where background noise can be a problem. They can be equipped with features such as windshields and shock mounts to reduce noise and vibrations, and can be positioned to capture audio from the desired source.
Can I use an external microphone with my smartphone?
Yes, it is possible to use an external microphone with your smartphone. There are many external microphones available that are designed specifically for use with smartphones, such as lavalier microphones or shotgun microphones. These microphones can be connected to your smartphone using a lightning connector or a universal adapter.
Using an external microphone with your smartphone can significantly improve the audio quality of your videos and recordings. Many external microphones for smartphones are designed to capture clear and crisp audio, and can be positioned to reduce background noise and wind noise.
Do I need any special equipment to use an external microphone?
In most cases, you will need some additional equipment to use an external microphone. For example, you may need a microphone stand or clip to position the microphone, a windscreen or pop filter to reduce wind noise and plosives, and a cable or adapter to connect the microphone to your device or recording equipment.
You may also need a audio interface or mixer to connect multiple microphones to your device or recording equipment. Additionally, you may need headphones or a monitor speaker to listen back to your audio and make adjustments to the microphone settings.
Can I use an external microphone for live streaming?
Yes, you can definitely use an external microphone for live streaming. In fact, an external microphone can significantly improve the audio quality of your live streams, making them more engaging and professional-sounding. There are many external microphones available that are designed specifically for live streaming, such as USB microphones or lavalier microphones.
When choosing an external microphone for live streaming, look for one that is compatible with your streaming platform and has low latency and high-quality audio. You may also want to consider a microphone with a built-in pop filter or windscreen to reduce plosives and background noise. Additionally, make sure to test your microphone before going live to ensure that the audio is clear and crisp.