The resurgence of vinyl records has brought a new wave of music enthusiasts back to the nostalgic world of analog sound. However, with the majority of modern audio systems and devices equipped with digital interfaces, the question arises: can I connect my trusty turntable to an aux input? The answer is not a simple yes or no, and in this article, we’ll delve into the world of analog-to-digital conversions, impedance matching, and signal amplification to explore the possibilities and limitations of connecting a turntable to an auxiliary input.
Understanding the Anatomy of a Turntable and Aux Input
Before diving into the technical aspects, let’s take a step back and understand the fundamental components involved in this connection.
Turntable Output
A turntable typically has multiple output options, including:
- RCA (Left/Right) outputs: These are the most common output connectors found on turntables, carrying the audio signal from the phono cartridges.
- Grounding Wire: A separate wire used to ground the turntable and reduce hum and electrical noise.
Aux Input
An auxiliary input, commonly found on modern audio devices, amplifiers, and speakers, is designed to accept an external audio signal from a variety of sources, such as:
- RCA (Left/Right) inputs: These inputs are usually labeled “AUX” or “LINE IN” and accept RCA cables carrying an audio signal.
- 3.5mm (1/8 inch) TRS input: Some devices may have a 3.5mm input, often labeled “AUX IN” or “LINE IN”, which can accept a stereo audio signal from a compatible source.
Challenges in Connecting a Turntable to an Aux Input
While it may seem straightforward to connect an RCA cable from the turntable to the aux input, there are several obstacles to overcome:
Impedance Mismatch
Turntables typically have a higher output impedance (around 1-10k ohms) than the input impedance of most aux inputs (usually around 10-50 ohms). This impedance mismatch can result in a weakened signal, causing distortion, and a loss of audio quality.
Signal Level Difference
The output signal level from a turntable is usually in the range of 2-5mV, whereas the input sensitivity of most aux inputs is designed for line-level signals (around 1-2V). This significant difference in signal level can lead to a weak, almost inaudible signal.
Phono Stage or Preamp Requirement
Turntables require a phono stage or preamp to boost the low-level signal from the phono cartridges to a level compatible with most audio systems. However, not all turntables have a built-in phono stage, and those that do might not have an adjustable output level.
Overcoming the Challenges: Connection Options and Workarounds
Fear not, vinyl enthusiasts! There are ways to overcome these hurdles and connect your turntable to an aux input:
Using a Phono Stage or Preamp
If your turntable doesn’t have a built-in phono stage, consider investing in an external phono preamp. These devices amplify the low-level signal from the turntable and adjust the impedance to match the input of your aux device. Some popular phono preamps include the Pro-Ject Phono Box and the U-Turn Orbit’s built-in phono stage.
Impedance Matching and Signal Amplification
To address the impedance mismatch and signal level difference, you can use an impedance matching transformer or a signal amplifier specifically designed for turntables. The Pro-Ject Phono Box, mentioned earlier, also includes impedance matching and signal amplification features.
Using a Phono-to-Line Converter
A phono-to-line converter is a device that converts the phono-level signal from the turntable to a line-level signal compatible with most aux inputs. These converters usually include impedance matching and signal amplification. A popular option is the Art DJ Pre II Phono/Line Converter.
DIY Solutions
For the more adventurous, there are DIY workarounds using RCA-to-RCA cables with built-in resistors or impedance matching networks. However, these solutions may require some technical expertise and can be prone to trial-and-error experimentation.
Additional Considerations and Potential Pitfalls
When connecting a turntable to an aux input, keep in mind the following considerations:
Noise and Hum
Grounding issues can cause unwanted noise and hum. Ensure that the turntable, phono preamp (if used), and aux device are properly grounded to minimize electrical interference.
Signal Quality and Distortion
Be prepared for potential signal quality issues and distortion, especially if using a DIY solution or an inexpensive phono preamp. Invest in high-quality components and cables to minimize signal degradation.
Compatibility and Settings
Verify that the turntable, phono preamp (if used), and aux device are compatible in terms of signal level, impedance, and frequency response. Adjust settings accordingly to optimize the signal transfer.
Conclusion
Connecting a turntable to an aux input may require some technical wizardry, but with the right equipment and understanding of the underlying principles, it is indeed possible. By acknowledging the challenges and taking steps to overcome them, you can enjoy your vinyl collection with modern convenience. Remember to invest in high-quality components, and don’t be afraid to experiment with different connection options and workarounds. Happy spinning!
What is an aux input and how does it work?
An aux input is a type of audio input found on various electronic devices, such as speakers, amplifiers, and home theaters. It is designed to receive audio signals from external sources, allowing users to connect devices like CD players, game consoles, and turntables to play music through the connected speakers or system. The aux input typically consists of a 3.5mm or RCA connector that accepts an audio cable from the external device.
When a device is connected to an aux input, the audio signal is sent directly to the connected speakers or amplifier, bypassing any internal processing or conversion. This means that the audio signal remains relatively pure, with minimal degradation or alteration. Aux inputs are commonly used to connect devices that don’t have built-in Bluetooth or Wi-Fi capabilities, making them an excellent option for connecting turntables to modern sound systems.
Can I connect a turntable to an aux input directly?
In most cases, you cannot connect a turntable directly to an aux input. Turntables typically have a phono output, which is designed to send a phono-level signal to a phono input on a mixer, amplifier, or receiver. Aux inputs, on the other hand, expect a line-level signal. Connecting a turntable directly to an aux input would result in a weak and distorted signal.
To connect a turntable to an aux input, you’ll need a phono preamplifier or a turntable with a built-in preamp to boost the phono-level signal to a line-level signal that the aux input can accept. You may also need an RCA-to-3.5mm adapter to convert the RCA connectors on the turntable to a 3.5mm connector that fits the aux input.
What is a phono preamplifier and why do I need it?
A phono preamplifier, also known as a phono stage or phono amp, is an electronic device that amplifies the low-level audio signal from a turntable to a level that can drive a line-level input on a mixer, amplifier, or receiver. The phono preamp boosts the signal while also applying the RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America) equalization curve, which is necessary to accurately reproduce the audio signal from vinyl records.
Without a phono preamp, the audio signal from the turntable would be too weak to drive the aux input, resulting in a poor sound quality. The phono preamp ensures that the signal is strong and properly equalized, allowing you to enjoy clear and accurate sound from your vinyl records through the connected speakers or system.
Can I use a USB turntable with an aux input?
Some turntables, often referred to as USB turntables, have a built-in phono preamplifier and a USB output. These turntables can be connected directly to a computer via USB, allowing you to digitize your vinyl records and transfer them to digital formats. However, the USB output on these turntables is typically not compatible with aux inputs.
To connect a USB turntable to an aux input, you’ll need to use a USB-to-analog converter or a separate phono preamplifier. These devices convert the digital USB signal to an analog line-level signal that can be sent to the aux input. Alternatively, you can connect the turntable to a computer via USB, then use the computer’s audio output to send the signal to the aux input.
Will I need to adjust the gain or volume on my turntable or aux input?
When connecting a turntable to an aux input, you may need to adjust the gain or volume on either the turntable or the aux input device to achieve optimal sound quality. The gain control on the turntable or phono preamp should be set to the appropriate level to match the sensitivity of the aux input.
It’s also possible that the aux input device may have a gain or volume control that needs to be adjusted to accommodate the signal from the turntable. You may need to experiment with different gain settings to find the ideal balance that produces clear and distortion-free sound.
Can I connect multiple turntables to a single aux input?
Generally, it’s not recommended to connect multiple turntables to a single aux input. Aux inputs are typically designed to receive a single audio signal from a single source. Connecting multiple turntables could result in signal degradation, interference, or confusion about which signal is being sent to the speakers.
If you need to connect multiple turntables to a single sound system, consider using a mixer or switcher that can accept multiple audio inputs and route the signals to the desired output. This will allow you to select which turntable you want to play through the system and ensure a clean, distortion-free signal.
Will connecting a turntable to an aux input affect sound quality?
When connected properly, a turntable can produce high-quality sound through an aux input. However, the quality of the sound will depend on various factors, including the quality of the turntable, the phono preamplifier, the aux input device, and the connected speakers.
To ensure the best possible sound quality, make sure to use high-quality cables and adapters, adjust the gain and volume settings correctly, and choose a turntable and phono preamplifier that are suitable for your specific needs. Additionally, consider the limitations of the aux input device and the connected speakers, as they may introduce some degree of signal degradation or coloration to the sound.