As the winter months approach, many gardeners may think that it’s too cold and bleak to plant anything new. However, December can be a great time to get a head start on the upcoming growing season. While some plants may be dormant during the winter, others can tolerate or even thrive in the cooler temperatures. In this article, we’ll explore what seeds can be planted in December, and provide some valuable tips for successful winter sowing.
The Benefits of Winter Sowing
Before we dive into what seeds can be planted in December, let’s talk about the benefits of winter sowing. There are several advantages to planting seeds during the winter months:
Early Start
By planting seeds in December, you can get a head start on the growing season. Many plants, such as broccoli and kale, can be started indoors 4-6 weeks before the last frost date in your area. This means that by the time the weather warms up, your seedlings will be ready to transplant outside, giving them a jumpstart on the growing season.
Cooler Temperatures
Some plants, such as Brussels sprouts and cabbage, prefer the cooler temperatures of winter. By planting these seeds in December, you can take advantage of the cooler weather, reducing the need for supplemental irrigation and pest management.
Reduced Pests and Diseases
Winter sowing can also help reduce the risk of pests and diseases. Many pests, such as aphids and whiteflies, are less active during the winter months, reducing the risk of infestation. Additionally, the cooler temperatures can help prevent the spread of diseases such as powdery mildew and root rot.
What Seeds Can Be Planted in December?
Now that we’ve discussed the benefits of winter sowing, let’s explore what seeds can be planted in December. Here are some of the most popular options:
Brassicas
Brassicas, such as broccoli, cauliflower, and kale, are some of the most popular winter crops. These plants prefer the cooler temperatures and can be started indoors 4-6 weeks before the last frost date in your area.
Root Vegetables
Root vegetables, such as carrots, beets, and turnips, can also be planted in December. These plants prefer the cooler temperatures and can be direct-sown in the garden.
Lettuce and Spinach
Lettuce and spinach are two of the easiest greens to grow, and can be planted in December. These plants prefer the cooler temperatures and can be direct-sown in the garden.
Herbs
Many herbs, such as parsley, cilantro, and dill, can be planted in December. These plants prefer the cooler temperatures and can be started indoors or direct-sown in the garden.
Preparing for Winter Sowing
Before you start planting seeds in December, there are a few things you’ll need to prepare:
Start with High-Quality Seeds
When planting seeds in December, it’s essential to start with high-quality seeds that are specifically bred for winter sowing. Look for seeds that are labeled as “cold-hardy” or “winter-sowing” varieties.
Choose the Right Soil
The soil you use for winter sowing should be well-draining and have a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. You can use a general-purpose potting soil or a seed starting mix specifically designed for winter sowing.
Provide Adequate Light
Most seeds require adequate light to germinate and grow. If you’re starting seeds indoors, make sure to provide them with a south-facing window or use grow lights to supplement the natural light.
Keep the Soil Cool
Winter sowing requires cooler temperatures, so make sure to keep the soil cool. You can do this by placing the seed trays or pots in an unheated garage, shed, or cold frame.
Tips for Successful Winter Sowing
Here are some additional tips for successful winter sowing:
Water Carefully
When watering your seeds, make sure to do so carefully. Overwatering can lead to rot and other diseases, while underwatering can cause the seeds to dry out.
Provide Ventilation
Good ventilation is essential for healthy seedlings. Make sure to provide adequate ventilation to prevent fungal diseases and promote healthy growth.
Watch for Pests
While pests may be less active during the winter months, it’s still important to watch for signs of infestation. Keep an eye out for aphids, whiteflies, and other pests, and take action promptly if you notice any issues.
Conclusion
Winter sowing can be a great way to get a head start on the growing season, and December is a great time to start planting seeds. By choosing the right seeds, preparing the soil, and providing adequate light and care, you can successfully grow a variety of plants during the winter months. Remember to start with high-quality seeds, choose the right soil, and provide adequate light and ventilation. With a little care and attention, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest even in the dead of winter.
| Seed | Germination Time | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|
| Broccoli | 7-10 days | 50-60 days |
| Carrots | 7-14 days | 60-70 days |
| Lettuce | 5-7 days | 40-50 days |
Note: The germination time and days to maturity may vary depending on the specific variety and growing conditions.
What is the best way to prepare the soil for December planting?
It’s essential to prepare the soil well before planting seeds in December. Start by clearing the area of any debris, leaves, or weeds. Next, loosen the soil to a depth of about 8-10 inches using a shovel or fork. Mix in some organic matter like compost or manure to improve the soil’s structure and fertility. This will help the seeds germinate and grow strong roots.
Another important step is to check the soil’s pH level and adjust it if necessary. Most vegetables and flowers prefer a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH, ranging from 6.0 to 7.0. You can use a soil testing kit or send a sample to a lab for analysis. Based on the results, add lime to raise the pH or elemental sulfur or peat moss to lower it.
What seeds can be planted in December for a winter harvest?
Many types of seeds can be planted in December for a winter harvest. Some popular options include leafy greens like kale, spinach, and lettuce, as well as brassicas like broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage. Root vegetables like carrots, beets, and radishes can also be planted in December. Additionally, you can sow seeds for herbs like parsley, cilantro, and dill, which can be harvested in as little as 20 days.
When planting in December, make sure to choose varieties that are specifically bred for winter production and can tolerate frost. Some seed packets will even specify “winter crop” or “cold-hardy” to help you make the right selection. Check the average frost dates for your area and plan accordingly, as some seeds may need to be started indoors 4-6 weeks before the last expected frost.
Can I directly sow seeds in December, or do I need to start them indoors?
In most regions, it’s best to start seeds indoors in December, especially if you live in an area with freezing temperatures. This will give the seeds a head start on the growing season and protect them from harsh weather conditions. Sow the seeds in seed trays or pots filled with a good quality potting mix, and keep them in a warm location with adequate light.
Once the seedlings have 2-3 sets of leaves, you can transplant them outdoors when the weather warms up. Harden off the seedlings by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions over the course of 7-10 days before transplanting. If you live in a mild winter region, you can directly sow seeds in December, but make sure to choose varieties that can tolerate light frosts and cooler temperatures.
How do I protect my December-planted seeds from frost?
Frost protection is crucial for seeds planted in December. One way to protect your seeds is to use row covers, which are lightweight, breathable fabrics that allow light and water to reach the plants while keeping frost away. You can also use cold frames or hoop houses to extend the growing season.
Another method is to use mulch to insulate the soil and retain heat. Apply a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch like straw or wood chips around the plants. This will help keep the soil temperature consistent and prevent it from freezing. Bring potted plants under a covered area or indoors if possible to protect them from harsh winds and frost.
Can I plant seeds in December in containers?
Yes, you can plant seeds in December in containers! In fact, container gardening can be a great way to extend the growing season, especially if you have limited outdoor space. Choose containers that are at least 6-8 inches deep to provide enough room for root growth.
Make sure to use a well-draining potting mix and a container with drainage holes to prevent waterlogged soil. Select varieties that are compact or dwarf, which are specifically bred for container growing. Keep the containers in a sunny location and protect them from frost using row covers or bringing them under a covered area.
How long does it take for December-planted seeds to germinate?
The germination period for December-planted seeds can vary depending on the type of seed, weather conditions, and soil temperature. On average, seeds can take anywhere from 7-21 days to germinate, with some varieties taking longer.
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, and make sure the area receives adequate light. If you’re starting seeds indoors, maintain a temperature of around 65-75°F (18-24°C) to promote germination. If you’re direct sowing, the soil temperature should be at least 40°F (4°C) for optimal germination.
What are some beginner-friendly seeds to plant in December?
If you’re new to winter gardening, it’s best to start with easy-to-grow seeds that can tolerate cooler temperatures. Some beginner-friendly options include leafy greens like lettuce, spinach, and kale, as well as radishes and carrots.
These seeds are relatively easy to grow and can be harvested in as little as 20-30 days. They also require minimal care and can thrive in partial shade and cooler temperatures. Start with a few varieties and experiment with different growing conditions to find what works best for you.